Yup. He sure did. Jesus believed in a Creator. He also believed that Creator placed a part of it's essence in each of us. We all carry a spark of the divine.
Therefore, if you want to get closer to the divine, you must get to know the deepest inner workings of yourself through prayer and connect with the divine that also resides inside all other humans. That's where all the compassion and do unto the least of these as you would do unto me comes from.
Most Christians do not understand this fundamental truth. They're not followers of Jesus, they are followers of Paul and of Rome, of empire.
It explains a lot about why they do so many of the things they do and are simultaneously unaware of the harm and suffering they cause.